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Helmut Damerius
Helmut Damerius (December 16, 1905 – September 29, 1985) was a German communist and a member of the Left Column, an agitprop theater group. As the Nazi Party gained in strength, he went into exile in Moscow, only to be arrested in the so-called Hitler Youth Conspiracy and sentenced to a long term in a Soviet prison. After his prison sentence, he was banished to Kazakhstan and was not permitted to move elsewhere. In 1956, he received permission to move to East Germany, where he stayed until his death.
== Early years ==
Damerius was born and raised in Berlin-Wedding. His mother was a florist and his father a gardener.〔(Biographical details, Helmut Damerius ) Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Retrieved December 2, 2011 〕 After attending a volksschule, he apprenticed at a florist.〔 He then worked at an upholstery workshop, working first as an errand boy and other jobs, and from 1924 to 1929, as a painter. He began getting interested in politics through involvement with the Lankwitz Friends of Nature.〔 In 1922, already an actor, he married Emma Zadach〔Catherine Epstein (2003), (p. 34 ) Retrieved December 1, 2011〕 and joined the Anarcho-Syndicalist Youth of Germany, a political party that was in existence from 1920 to 1933.
In 1923, Damerius joined the Communist Party (German: ''Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands'', or KPD) and he and his wife had a baby, who died when a small child. They were divorced in 1927.〔Catherine Epstein (2003), (p. 57 ) Retrieved December 1, 2011〕 In 1928, he was a member of the agitprop theater group ''Rote Blusen'', led by Arthur Pieck.〔 In 1929, he was a founding member of the Left Column and became its leader.〔 The troupe worked in support of the Workers International Relief (WIR). Their advertising efforts for the WIR resulted in 16,000 new members for the WIR, which then rewarded the Left Column with a five-week tour in the Soviet Union.〔Thomas Phelps, ("Links wo das Herz ist" ) Justus Liebig University Giessen (October 27–28, 1997). Retrieved November 29, 2011 〕 Damerius took this opportunity to emigrate to the Soviet Union.
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